4.5% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate, registered for five crops:
Crop | Target pest | Dosage | Pre-harvest interval | Maximum applications per season
Cruciferous vegetables | Diamondback moth | 30–40 mL/mu | 7 days | 3 applications
Cotton | Cotton bollworm | 22–44 mL/mu | 7 days | 3 applications
Cowpea | Pod borer | 30–40 mL/mu | **3 days** | **1 application**
Pepper | Tobacco budworm | 35–50 mL/mu | 7 days | **2 applications**
Chinese chives | Bradysia odoriphaga | **10–20 mL/mu** | **10 days** | **2 applications**
This table is worth reading row by row.
Cowpea: 3-day interval, once per season.
The 3-day interval is quite friendly (for continuous harvesting of cowpea), but1 timeThe restrictions mean that this product can only be applied for "that one critical spray" on cowpea.
Why only once?Cowpea pods are consumed directly and harvested continuously. Although residues from a single application degrade rapidly (3 days), the risk of accumulation from multiple applications needs to be controlled. The registration limits it to one application.
Actual arrangementsThe control window for the legume pod borer on cowpea is atFrom flowering to the early pod-setting stage(Larvae bore into flower buds and pods after hatching, and once inside, they are difficult to control by contact insecticides.) This application must be precise: use 30–40 mL per mu, ensuring thorough coverage of flower buds and tender pods.
Bradysia odoriphaga (chive maggot), 10–20 mL/mu.
Here is the English translation: "This is in the Five Elements."The one with the lowest dosage., less than half that of other crops.
Why?The control of chive maggots has its particularities:
The larvae of the Bradysia odoriphaga feed on the roots.(Larvae bore into the roots and bulbs of Chinese chives.) Pyrethroids have no systemic activity; when sprayed on the leaves, they cannot reach the roots.
How do those 10–20 mL take effect?In actual production, the control of chive maggots commonly usesRoot drenchingIt seems your message may be incomplete—you've only provided "或" (meaning "or") without the Chinese paragraph to translate. Could you please send the full Chinese text you'd like me to translate into English?The spray solution runs down along the leaves.in a manner that allows the pesticide to reach the root zone. The low dosage is due to the concentrated application (when drenching the roots, the pesticide solution directly enters the root zone and does not need to cover the entire leaf surface).
Received. Please send the Chinese paragraph you'd like me to translate into professional English.The registered application method is stated as "spraying," but the actual practice for controlling the chive maggot is typically "root drenching along the rows" or "drenching irrigation."The specific method shall be subject to the label.
10-day interval, 2 times per seasonFor continuous harvesting of Chinese chives (multiple cuts from a single planting), a 10-day waiting period is required.
Pepper tobacco budworm, 35-50 mL/mu.
The tobacco budworm (larva of Helicoverpa assulta) bores into pepper fruits, and once inside, it becomes difficult to control with contact insecticides.
Reasons for high dosage请提供需要翻译的中文段落。
The surface of pepper fruits is smooth, but their pesticide retention is only moderate.
The tobacco budworm bores rapidly, requiring sufficient concentration to knock it down before it penetrates.
The pepper plants are densely grown, making it difficult for the spray solution to reach the inner canopy.
Key control measures请提供需要翻译的中文段落。From the peak of adult oviposition to the early stage of larval hatchingOnce the larvae bore into the fruit, contact insecticides are essentially ineffective.
Cotton bollworm on cotton: 22–44 mL/mu.
Interval span 100%, corresponding toInstar.请提供需要翻译的中文段落。
- Young larvae (1st-2nd instar): approximately 22 mL
- Larvae older than third instar: approximately 44 mL
Cotton bollworm resistance issues.The resistance of this pest to pyrethroids is very severe in cotton-growing regions of China, and in some areas pyrethroids have essentially become ineffective.Local resistance status should be understood prior to practical application.
Diamondback moth on cruciferous vegetables, 30–40 mL/mu.
The diamondback moth is one of the most pesticide-resistant pests in the world.and has developed resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphates, and even some diamides.
The actual control efficacy of pyrethroids against diamondback moth has significantly declined in most areas.Registration was formed historically; for actual use, priority should be given to:
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)
- Spinosad, Spinetoram
- Chlorantraniliprole (note that resistance to it is also emerging)
- Broflanilide (novel)
"High efficiency" refers to isomeric purity.
Cypermethrin has 8 isomers, of which only some (mainly the high-efficiency isomers) possess high insecticidal activity.Beta-cypermethrin is a product enriched with effective isomers.Therefore, the content is low (4.5%) but the activity is high.
This explains why the dosage of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin (30–40 mL/mu) is comparable to that of 10% ordinary cypermethrin (20–30 mL/mu) — their effective isomer contents are similar.
Highly toxic to bees, fish, and silkworms.
Precautions: Avoid effects on surrounding bee colonies during application. Do not use during the flowering period of flowering plants, or near silkworm rearing rooms and mulberry fields. Keep away from aquaculture areas during application. Do not clean application equipment in rivers, ponds, or other water bodies.
These three are hard constraints.Failure to comply may result in significant losses (particularly in sericulture areas).
This product is a pyrethroid pesticide and is recommended to be used in rotation with insecticides with different modes of action.
The issue of pyrethroid resistance is already an open secret in Chinese agriculture.Do not use pyrethroids as the primary control agent; instead, use them as rotation products or in mixtures with products of other modes of action.
